February 2025 ETF Flows: Record Highs and Sharp Selloffs

February was a month of mixed emotions in the markets. The S&P 500 reached an all-time high on Feb. 19, driven by optimism over strong earnings growth and the potential for new tax cuts and deregulation under the new Trump administration. But the rally was short-lived.

Stocks sold off in the final days of the month as concerns about trade wars, tariffs and slowing economic growth rattled investors. 

Still, despite the volatility, ETF flows saw another strong month: $110.8 billion in net inflows, bringing year-to-date flows to $217.5 billion.

U.S. equity ETFs continued to dominate, pulling in $52.2 billion during the month. Investors remained committed to large-cap stocks, while small-caps struggled as risk appetite waned. International equity ETFs also saw steady demand, with $15.4 billion in inflows, while fixed-income ETFs were another bright spot, bringing in $30.8 billion.

On the other side, currency ETFs experienced $2.7 billion in outflows, while leveraged ETFs lost $2.3 billion as traders backed away from high-risk plays amid growing uncertainty.

SPY Retains the Crown

The SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) was the top asset gatherer in February, adding $14.6 billion in the month. That helped SPY maintain its lead over the Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) in total AUM, though Vanguard’s S&P 500 ETF briefly surpassed SPY mid-month before falling back.

While SPY won the month, VOO remains the top ETF for 2025 so far, with $28.5 billion in year-to-date inflows.

Gold ETFs were another major winner last month. The SPDR Gold Trust (GLD) saw $3.8 billion in inflows as investors sought safety amid the late-month stock selloff and gold prices surged toward $3,000 per ounce.

But the demand for safety extended beyond gold, with investors pouring money into fixed-income ETFs like the iShares 0-3 Month Treasury Bond ETF (SGOV) and the Janus Detroit Street AAA CLO ETF (JAAA), both of which saw strong inflows as investors sought yield without interest rate risk

Small-Cap & Bitcoin ETFs Take Hit

On the outflows side, the iShares Russell 2000 ETF (IWM) was hit hardest, losing $3.9 billion, as small-caps underperformed large-caps in the volatile market environment.

Long-duration bonds also struggled, with the iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT) seeing $2.9 billion in outflows, though recent price action suggests that TLT has started climbing again as economic concerns mount.

Bitcoin ETFs took a hit as well, with the Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Fund (FBTC) losing $1.4 billion amid a broad sell-off in cryptocurrency. Bitcoin prices dropped sharply in February as investors adopted a more risk-off stance and uncertainty loomed over U.S. crypto reserve policies.

Another notable ETF in the outflows category was Direxion Daily Semiconductor Bull 3x Shares (SOXL). The semiconductor sector, which has been one of the hottest areas of the market over the past year, saw a sharp reversal after Nvidia Corp.'s (NVDA) earnings failed to meet Wall Street’s sky-high expectations, leading to a significant sell-off.

For a full list of the top inflows and outflows for February and 2025 as a whole, see the tables below:

Top Gainers February 2025

Top Gainers (Year-to-Date)

Biggest Losers (February 2025)

Biggest Losers (Year-to-Date)

Asset Classes (February 2025)

Asset Classes (Year-to-Date)

February 2025 ETF Brand League Table

February 2025 ETF Issuer League Table